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A mechanism by which species
with sex chromosomes ensure that the homogametic sex does not have
too much or the heterogametic sex too little activity of loci on the
homogametic sex chromosome. The process, in organisms using a chromosomal
sex determination mechanism (such as XX versus XY), that allows standard
structural genes on the homogametic sex chromosome to be expressed
at the same levels in females and males, regardless of the number
of homogametic sex chromosomes. In mammals, dosage compensation operates
by maintaining only a single active X chromosome in each cell (see
Lyon hypothesis), while in Drosophila it operates by hyperactivating
the single male X chromosome. |
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